SSR (Server-Side Rendering)

Generating the full HTML for a page on the server at request time and sending it to the browser, rather than sending a bare HTML shell and letting JavaScript build the page.

In practice: Better for SEO and initial load performance than a pure SPA, but adds server load and complexity — every request triggers a render. SSR with caching is often the right middle ground.

• often paired with Hydration
• alternative to SSG (Static Site Generation)
• alternative to SPA (Single-Page Application)